如果兩個數都是兩個整數的平方和,則這兩個數的乘積可以表示成兩個整數的平方和。
假設 a、b、c、d 都是整數,甲數 = a2 + b2,乙數 = c2 + d2。
甲數 × 乙數 = ( a2 + b2 ) ( c2 + d2 ) = (ac)2 + (ad)2 + (bc)2 + (bd)2 = [ (ac)2 + 2(ac)(bd) + (bd)2 ]+[ (ad)2 - 2(ad)(bc) + (bc)2 ]
= ( ac + bd )2 + ( ad - bc )2
甲數 × 乙數 = ( a2 + b2 ) ( c2 + d2 ) = (ac)2 + (ad)2 + (bc)2 + (bd)2 = [ (ac)2 - 2(ac)(bd) + (bd)2 ]+ [ (ad)2 + 2(ad)(bc) + (bc)2 ]
= ( ac - bd )2 + ( ad + bc )2
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